摘要：从上世纪90年代至本世纪初，中国高等教育管理体制进行了分权改革，地方院校及其在校生规模在高等教育系统中所占比例从不足60%上升到超过90%。1999年开始的高校扩招是在分权格局基本形成后进行的，地方院校在高等教育大众化进程中承担了主要的责任，地方政府之间的竞争行为成为高等教育规模扩张的一个动力。通过对有关统计数据分析发现，各省高校招生规模的离散程度在1999-2010年期间保持在一个较小的变动范围内，该参数在1999-2004年高校规模快速扩张期甚至有所降低，隐含着省际入学机会均等化的变化趋势。另外，高校招生规模扩张促进了新生入学和毕业生就业市场的建立。但是，分权格局下的高校规模扩张行为也存在着一定的局限性，由于地方财政预算能力有限，所以规模的快速扩张对办学条件和办学质量产生了不利的影响。

关键词：中国高等教育机制转变规模扩张分权制大众化

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Hong Zhu ，Karen Arnold

Abstract：China’s higher education system has experienced a profound process of restructuring and transformation from elite to mass higher education in the past decades. College students are struggling with an increasingly disconnected learning experience which is caused by a more competitive learning environment. Under these new circumstances, what is the nature of student engagement in China’s colleges and universities? How do different forms of student engagement affect undergraduates’ success in college? This empirical study examined self-reported data of 18,607 students from 55 Chinese colleges in Beijing through structural equation modeling. The main findings are: student learning experience in college is integrated; different forms of student engagement have a complex mechanism of impacting on each other and consequently directly and indirectly contribute to student gains in college. Findings indicate that institutions in China and other Asian countries need to capture a comprehensive picture of how students change through assessing student overall college experience from a variety of perspectives.

Keywords:college student engagement, college student achievement, China

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